Please find the "Collaborative Learning" article and answer these questions. 1.What does it mean? 2.How does it work? 3.Cut and paste an example of collaborative learning
Collaborative learning is an educational approach to teaching and learning that involves groups of learners working together to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product. Collaborative learning is based on the idea that learning is a naturally social act in which the participants talk among themselves. It is through the talk that learning occurs. There are many approaches to collaborative learning: 1. Learning is an active process whereby learners assimilate the information and relate this new knowledge to a framework of prior knowledge. 2. Learning requires a challenge that opens the door for the learner to actively engage his/her peers, and to process and synthesize information rather than simply memorize and regurgitate it. 3. Learners benefit when exposed to diverse viewpoints from people with varied backgrounds. 4. Learning flourishes in a social environment where conversation between learners takes place. During this intellectual gymnastics, the learner creates a framework and meaning to the discourse. 5. In the collaborative learning environment, the learners are challenged both socially and emotionally as they listen to different perspectives, and are required to articulate and defend their ideas. In so doing, the learners begin to create their own unique conceptual frameworks and not rely solely on an expert's or a text's framework. Thus, in a collaborative learning setting, learners have the opportunity to converse with peers, present and defend ideas, exchange diverse beliefs, question other conceptual frameworks, and be actively engaged.
44 Benefits of Collaborative Learning
1. Develops higher level thinking skills 2. Promotes student-faculty interaction and familiarity 3. Increases student retention 4. Builds self esteem in students 5. Enhances student satisfaction with the learning experience 6. Promotes a positive attitude toward the subject matter 7. Develops oral communication skills 8. Develops social interaction skills 9. Promotes positive race relations 10. Creates an environment of active, involved, exploratory learning 11. Uses a team approach to problem solving while maintaining individual accountability 12. Encourages diversity understanding 13. Encourages student responsibility for learning 14. Involves students in developing curriculum and class procedures 15. Students explore alternate problem solutions in a safe environment 16. Stimulates critical thinking and helps students clarify ideas through discussion and debate 17. Enhances self management skills 18. Fits in well with the constructivist approach 19. Establishs an atmosphere of cooperation and helping schoolwide 20. Students develop responsibility for each other 21. Builds more positive heterogeneous relationships 22. Encourages alternate student assessment techniques 23. Fosters and develops interpersonal relationships 24. Modelling problem solving techniques by students' peers 25. Students are taught how to criticize ideas, not people 26. Sets high expectations for students and teachers 27. Promotes higher achievement and class attendance . 28. Students stay on task more and are less disruptive 29. Greater ability of students to view situations from others' perspectives (development of empathy) 30. Creates a stronger social support system 31. Creates a more positive attitude toward teachers, principals and other school personnel by students and creates a more positive attitude by teachers toward their students 32. Addresses learning style differences among students 33. Promotes innovation in teaching and classroom techniques 34. Classroom anxiety is significantly reduced 35. Test anxiety is significantly reduced 36. Classroom resembles real life social and employment situations 37. Students practice modeling societal and work related roles 38. CL is synergystic with writing across the curriculum 39. CL activities can be used to personalize large lecture classes 40. Skill building and practice can be enhanced and made less tedious through CL activities in and out of class. 41. CL activities promote social and academic relationships well beyond the classroom and individual course 42. CL processes create environments where students can practice building leadership skills. 43. CL increases leadership skills of female students 44. In colleges where students commute to school and do not remain on campus to participate in campus life activities, CL creates a community environment within the classroom.
Collaborative learning is an umbrella term for a variety of approaches in education that involve joint intellectual effort by students or students and teachers. Collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task in which each individual depends on and is accountable to each other. Groups of students work together in searching for understanding, meaning or solutions or in creating an artifact of their learning such as a product. The approach is closely related to cooperative learning. Collaborative learning activities can include collaborative writing, group projects, and other activities. Collaborative learning has taken on many forms:
* One form is Collaborative Networked Learning for the self-directed adult learner. Youth directed collaboration, another form of self-directed organizing and learning, relies on a novel, more radical concept of youth voice.
* Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) has emerged as a new educational paradigm among researchers and practitioners in several fields, including cognitive sciences, sociology, computer engineering. It thus constitutes a new trans-disciplinary field.
* Collaborative Learning also has a particular meaning in the context of Learning Management Systems. In this context, collaborative learning refers to a collection of tools which learners can use to assist, or be assisted by others. Such tools include Virtual Classrooms (i.e. geographically distributed classrooms linked by audio-visual network connections), chat, discussion threads, application sharing (e.g. a colleague projects an MS Excel spreadsheet on another colleague’s screen across a network link for the purpose of collaboration), among many others.
* Collaborative Learning Development Enables developers of learning systems to work as a network. Specifically relevant to e-learning where developers can share and build knowledge into courses in a collaborative environment. Knowledge of a single subject can be pulled together from remote locations using software systems. An example of this could be Content point from Atlantic Link
The work Dr.Peter requested from me takes me back to my childhood before my very first contact with France. According to the education I was given, the French are red haired or blonde with blue eyes, big and strong. Very quickly, as soon as I arrived in France I found that the data I had previously was not 100% correct. Finally, the French are more of an average size, there are far less blonde than brown excluding other colors mixed ... As the years passed, my vision of the French, their mentality and way of life has changed. I think the French people are responsible, informed, educated, individualistic, chauvinistic, materialistic, rarely satisfied, and so on. Perhaps like everyone else And I wonder now what I think the French are like once I have tried some 365 kinds of cheese and all the fine wines of France, so renowned for its cuisine, tasted the 13 dessert that are served in Provence on Christmas Eve. Maybe I will know when I'm 99 years old and would have gone around this country and its traditions many more time. And maybe I will not know even then.
You realize that everything just outlined and the list are just prejudice opinions. It is not easy to understand in a few years the culture of a country where one is not born there. Human beings often need to simplify the culture of a people in a few words and adjectives. We, enlightened people, throughout our existence, attempting to deepen the limited knowledge we have received about other countries and cultures, in our education. We must spend our lives to question, to review, correct and update the knowledge we have accumulated since birth. This is often complicated. Being informed it becomes so, by definition.
We are eager to reconcile different cultures, the traditional and the modern world. On the one hand, he is criticized for not being sufficiently adapted to the environment in which he belongs, and secondly, he is attacked and accused of being too "modern". In short, we must reconcile logic at work in the context of globalization and all that relates to identity. We debated last week for hours, these two concepts. And we agreed that, despite all the difficulties, to implement, we are fighting to bring tradition and modernity into order and not simply.to be describes as a number of isms ;eg, materialism, nationalism, patriotism, fundamentalism and fundamentalism ... and more
Returning to the French. The French have always been a mixed people. Since time France is a confluence'''', a land where there are various people involved come from Northern Europe, Western Europe and South or overseas. ... The French royal family was accustomed to contract marriages with other royal families from neighboring countries. Louis XIII married Anne of Austria who was actually a Spaniard. His son Louis XIV, also married a Spaniard, the first niece: Marie-Thérèse was Spanish. Wife of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette was Austrian. Families that prevail in Spain and Luxembourg are the descendants of the younger branch of the family of the Bourbons, French dynasty. Recent history teaches us that France is a land of plenty, and it welcomes immigrants from everywhere. France has seen waves of immigrants from Russia, Poland, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) including sub-Saharan Africa and refugees from Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.
Therefore it is extremely simplistic to simplify, to describe the French with a few adjectives. It is for us all to open our eyes wide, to understand the specifics of this people that are so rich and diverse in ethnicity, culture and history and has also created its own culture with all these elements. France has carefully maintained a national heritage of inestimable value. France is an old agricultural country, rich in history, that has managed to become one of the most modern, developed countries in the world.
Museums and monuments not to be missed: Chateau de Versailles Musée du Louvre Musée D'Orsay Georges Pompidou Center museum Notre Dame de Paris La Sainte-Chapelle
Definition according to : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_learning
Collaborative learning is an umbrella term for a variety of approaches in education that involve joint intellectual effort by students or students and teachers. Collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task in which each individual depends on and is accountable to each other. Groups of students work together in searching for understanding, meaning or solutions or in creating an artifact of their learning such as a product. The approach is closely related to cooperative learning. Collaborative learning activities can include collaborative writing, group projects, and other activities. Collaborative learning has taken on many forms: One form is Collaborative Networked Learning for the self-directed adult learner. Youth directed collaboration, another form of self-directed organizing and learning, relies on a novel, more radical concept of youth voice. Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) has emerged as a new educational paradigm among researchers and practitioners in several fields, including cognitive sciences, sociology, computer engineering. It thus constitutes a new trans-disciplinary field. Collaborative Learning also has a particular meaning in the context of Learning Management Systems. In this context, collaborative learning refers to a collection of tools which learners can use to assist, or be assisted by others. Such tools include Virtual Classrooms (i.e. geographically distributed classrooms linked by audio-visual network connections), chat, discussion threads, application sharing (e.g. a colleague projects an MS Excel spreadsheet on another colleague’s screen across a network link for the purpose of collaboration), among many others. Collaborative Learning Development Enables developers of learning systems to work as a network. Specifically relevant to e-learning where developers can share and build knowledge into courses in a collaborative environment. Knowledge of a single subject can be pulled together from remote locations using software systems. An example of this could be Content point from Atlantic Link
3.Cut and paste an example of collaborative learning
Collaborative Networked Learning is a method developed by Dr. Charles A. Findley in the mid 1980s as part of his work on designing the classroom of the future for the knowledge worker. "Collaborative Networked Learning (CNL)" is that learning which occurs via electronic dialogue between self-directed co-learners and learners and experts. Learners share a common purpose, depend upon each other and are accountable to each other for their success. CNL occurs in interactive groups in which participants actively communicate and negotiation meaning with one another within a contextual framework which may be facilitated by an online coach, mentor or group leader.
Title: The Wrist Band Portable Charger Source: http://www.coolest-gadgets.com Author: Ally January 18 2009
Here is the ultimate way to charge your batteries. Although this is a bit high on the nerd scale, it would be a convenient way to charge up all of your gadgets without having to look for a plug. Especially for cell phones, because you could hook it to the band and talk on your phone along with getting the phone charged. It’s pretty handy as you will not run out of battery. The drawback of the wrist band portable battery charger is that it does not look pretty when you wear it. Although it may make you look a bit ridiculous wearing it but it is very useful.
It uses a rechargeable li-on battery and comes with 8 different types of power connectors. The connectors will work with major brand mobile phones, the PSP and Nintendo DS, iPod as well few other things. To recharge the portable battery, it takes a total of 5 hours. When it’s used as a direct power source, it’ll give you 3 hours of talk time or 8 hours on your MP3 player. You can not only purchase these individually, but in bulk as well. For one it will cost you $24.84
The idea of collaborative learning is the grouping and pairing of learners for the purpose of achieving a learning goal. Collaborative learning refers to an instruction method in which learners at different performance levels work together in small groups toward a common goal. The learners are responsible for one another's learning as well as their own. The success of one learner helps other students to be successful. Collaborative Learning is a relationship among learners that requires: •Positive interdependence (understanding each other well) •Individual accountability (each of us has to contribute and learn) •Interpersonal skills (communication, trust, leadership, decision making, and disagreement resolution) •Face-to-face promotive interaction, and processing (reflecting on how well the team is functioning and how to function even better).
Q) How does collaborative work?
Students learn best when they are actively involved in the process. Researchers report that, regardless of the subject matter, students working in small groups tend to learn more of what is taught and keep it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats. Students who work in collaborative groups also appear more satisfied with their classes. Students are capable of performing at higher intellectual levels when asked to work in collaborative situations than when asked to work individually. Group diversity in terms of knowledge and experience contributes positively to the learning process. Bruner competes that cooperative learning methods improve problem- solving strategies because the students are confronted with different interpretations of the given situation. The peer support system makes it possible for the learner to internalize both external knowledge and critical thinking skills and be able to use them in their daily problem solving. The collaborative learning medium provided students with opportunities to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate ideas cooperatively. The informal setting helps with discussion and interaction. This group interaction helps students to learn from each other's skills, and experiences. The students have to go beyond plain statements of opinion by giving reasons for their judgments and reflecting upon the reasons in making these judgments. The ability to admit that one's original opinion may have been incorrect or partially mistaken.
Example: Students are assigned to produce the paper together: they may be asked to write the entire paper together, or they may be permitted to write the paper in sections and then to edit the paper together so that it seems to come from a single author, employing a consistent voice. One instructor allows students to divvy up the bulk of the work but insists that they write the introduction and conclusion together, attending to transitions between sections so that the paper reads seamlessly. One benefit of the group paper is that it requires students to consider the stages of the writing process as they determine how to divide the labor among the group. For example, will the collaborative writing be most efficiently done if the group does its brainstorming together? Should the paper be divided into sections, with each member responsible for a single part? Can one student write effectively about something that has been researched by another student? As the group considers these questions, they are brought to think carefully and critically about the writing process. Finally, collaborative writing makes students more conscious of their own writing processes and styles. As they debate strategies and sentences, students must defend their choices. They also come to see other possible ways of expressing their ideas. For this reason, the group papers will likely not be the best papers that students produce, but they may be the most educational.
7 comments:
What is Collaborative Learning?
Collaborative learning is an educational approach to teaching and learning that involves groups of learners working together to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product. Collaborative learning is based on the idea that learning is a naturally social act in which the participants talk among themselves. It is through the talk that learning occurs.
There are many approaches to collaborative learning:
1. Learning is an active process whereby learners assimilate the information and relate this new knowledge to a framework of prior knowledge.
2. Learning requires a challenge that opens the door for the learner to actively engage his/her peers, and to process and synthesize information rather than simply memorize and regurgitate it.
3. Learners benefit when exposed to diverse viewpoints from people with varied backgrounds.
4. Learning flourishes in a social environment where conversation between learners takes place. During this intellectual gymnastics, the learner creates a framework and meaning to the discourse.
5. In the collaborative learning environment, the learners are challenged both socially and emotionally as they listen to different perspectives, and are required to articulate and defend their ideas. In so doing, the learners begin to create their own unique conceptual frameworks and not rely solely on an expert's or a text's framework.
Thus, in a collaborative learning setting, learners have the opportunity to converse with peers, present and defend ideas, exchange diverse beliefs, question other conceptual frameworks, and be actively engaged.
44 Benefits of Collaborative Learning
1. Develops higher level thinking skills
2. Promotes student-faculty interaction and familiarity
3. Increases student retention
4. Builds self esteem in students
5. Enhances student satisfaction with the learning experience
6. Promotes a positive attitude toward the subject matter
7. Develops oral communication skills
8. Develops social interaction skills
9. Promotes positive race relations
10. Creates an environment of active, involved, exploratory learning
11. Uses a team approach to problem solving while maintaining individual accountability
12. Encourages diversity understanding
13. Encourages student responsibility for learning
14. Involves students in developing curriculum and class procedures
15. Students explore alternate problem solutions in a safe environment
16. Stimulates critical thinking and helps students clarify ideas through discussion and debate
17. Enhances self management skills
18. Fits in well with the constructivist approach
19. Establishs an atmosphere of cooperation and helping schoolwide
20. Students develop responsibility for each other
21. Builds more positive heterogeneous relationships
22. Encourages alternate student assessment techniques
23. Fosters and develops interpersonal relationships
24. Modelling problem solving techniques by students' peers
25. Students are taught how to criticize ideas, not people
26. Sets high expectations for students and teachers
27. Promotes higher achievement and class attendance .
28. Students stay on task more and are less disruptive
29. Greater ability of students to view situations from others' perspectives (development of empathy)
30. Creates a stronger social support system
31. Creates a more positive attitude toward teachers, principals and other school personnel by students and creates a more positive attitude by teachers toward their students
32. Addresses learning style differences among students
33. Promotes innovation in teaching and classroom techniques
34. Classroom anxiety is significantly reduced
35. Test anxiety is significantly reduced
36. Classroom resembles real life social and employment situations
37. Students practice modeling societal and work related roles
38. CL is synergystic with writing across the curriculum
39. CL activities can be used to personalize large lecture classes
40. Skill building and practice can be enhanced and made less tedious through CL activities in and out of class.
41. CL activities promote social and academic relationships well beyond the classroom and individual course
42. CL processes create environments where students can practice building leadership skills.
43. CL increases leadership skills of female students
44. In colleges where students commute to school and do not remain on campus to participate in campus life activities, CL creates a community environment within the classroom.
Kay
Collaborative learning is an umbrella term for a variety of approaches in education that involve joint intellectual effort by students or students and teachers. Collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task in which each individual depends on and is accountable to each other. Groups of students work together in searching for understanding, meaning or solutions or in creating an artifact of their learning such as a product. The approach is closely related to cooperative learning. Collaborative learning activities can include collaborative writing, group projects, and other activities. Collaborative learning has taken on many forms:
* One form is Collaborative Networked Learning for the self-directed adult learner. Youth directed collaboration, another form of self-directed organizing and learning, relies on a novel, more radical concept of youth voice.
* Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) has emerged as a new educational paradigm among researchers and practitioners in several fields, including cognitive sciences, sociology, computer engineering. It thus constitutes a new trans-disciplinary field.
* Collaborative Learning also has a particular meaning in the context of Learning Management Systems. In this context, collaborative learning refers to a collection of tools which learners can use to assist, or be assisted by others. Such tools include Virtual Classrooms (i.e. geographically distributed classrooms linked by audio-visual network connections), chat, discussion threads, application sharing (e.g. a colleague projects an MS Excel spreadsheet on another colleague’s screen across a network link for the purpose of collaboration), among many others.
* Collaborative Learning Development Enables developers of learning systems to work as a network. Specifically relevant to e-learning where developers can share and build knowledge into courses in a collaborative environment. Knowledge of a single subject can be pulled together from remote locations using software systems. An example of this could be Content point from Atlantic Link
Customs / Business Etiquette
The French:
The work Dr.Peter requested from me takes me back to my childhood before my very first contact with France. According to the education I was given, the French are red haired or blonde with blue eyes, big and strong. Very quickly, as soon as I arrived in France I found that the data I had previously was not 100% correct. Finally, the French are more of an average size, there are far less blonde than brown excluding other colors mixed ... As the years passed, my vision of the French, their mentality and way of life has changed. I think the French people are responsible, informed, educated, individualistic, chauvinistic, materialistic, rarely satisfied, and so on. Perhaps like everyone else And I wonder now what I think the French are like once I have tried some 365 kinds of cheese and all the fine wines of France, so renowned for its cuisine, tasted the 13 dessert that are served in Provence on Christmas Eve. Maybe I will know when I'm 99 years old and would have gone around this country and its traditions many more time. And maybe I will not know even then.
You realize that everything just outlined and the list are just prejudice opinions. It is not easy to understand in a few years the culture of a country where one is not born there. Human beings often need to simplify the culture of a people in a few words and adjectives. We, enlightened people, throughout our existence, attempting to deepen the limited knowledge we have received about other countries and cultures, in our education. We must spend our lives to question, to review, correct and update the knowledge we have accumulated since birth. This is often complicated. Being informed it becomes so, by definition.
We are eager to reconcile different cultures, the traditional and the modern world. On the one hand, he is criticized for not being sufficiently adapted to the environment in which he belongs, and secondly, he is attacked and accused of being too "modern". In short, we must reconcile logic at work in the context of globalization and all that relates to identity. We debated last week for hours, these two concepts. And we agreed that, despite all the difficulties, to implement, we are fighting to bring tradition and modernity into order and not simply.to be describes as a number of isms ;eg, materialism, nationalism, patriotism, fundamentalism and fundamentalism ... and more
Returning to the French. The French have always been a mixed people. Since time France is a confluence'''', a land where there are various people involved come from Northern Europe, Western Europe and South or overseas. ... The French royal family was accustomed to contract marriages with other royal families from neighboring countries. Louis XIII married Anne of Austria who was actually a Spaniard. His son Louis XIV, also married a Spaniard, the first niece: Marie-Thérèse was Spanish. Wife of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette was Austrian. Families that prevail in Spain and Luxembourg are the descendants of the younger branch of the family of the Bourbons, French dynasty. Recent history teaches us that France is a land of plenty, and it welcomes immigrants from everywhere. France has seen waves of immigrants from Russia, Poland, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) including sub-Saharan Africa and refugees from Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.
Therefore it is extremely simplistic to simplify, to describe the French with a few adjectives. It is for us all to open our eyes wide, to understand the specifics of this people that are so rich and diverse in ethnicity, culture and history and has also created its own culture with all these elements. France has carefully maintained a national heritage of inestimable value. France is an old agricultural country, rich in history, that has managed to become one of the most modern, developed countries in the world.
Museums and monuments not to be missed:
Chateau de Versailles
Musée du Louvre
Musée D'Orsay
Georges Pompidou Center museum
Notre Dame de Paris
La Sainte-Chapelle
1.What does it mean?
2.How does it work?
Definition according to : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_learning
Collaborative learning is an umbrella term for a variety of approaches in education that involve joint intellectual effort by students or students and teachers. Collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task in which each individual depends on and is accountable to each other. Groups of students work together in searching for understanding, meaning or solutions or in creating an artifact of their learning such as a product. The approach is closely related to cooperative learning. Collaborative learning activities can include collaborative writing, group projects, and other activities. Collaborative learning has taken on many forms:
One form is Collaborative Networked Learning for the self-directed adult learner. Youth directed collaboration, another form of self-directed organizing and learning, relies on a novel, more radical concept of youth voice.
Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) has emerged as a new educational paradigm among researchers and practitioners in several fields, including cognitive sciences, sociology, computer engineering. It thus constitutes a new trans-disciplinary field.
Collaborative Learning also has a particular meaning in the context of Learning Management Systems. In this context, collaborative learning refers to a collection of tools which learners can use to assist, or be assisted by others. Such tools include Virtual Classrooms (i.e. geographically distributed classrooms linked by audio-visual network connections), chat, discussion threads, application sharing (e.g. a colleague projects an MS Excel spreadsheet on another colleague’s screen across a network link for the purpose of collaboration), among many others.
Collaborative Learning Development Enables developers of learning systems to work as a network. Specifically relevant to e-learning where developers can share and build knowledge into courses in a collaborative environment. Knowledge of a single subject can be pulled together from remote locations using software systems. An example of this could be Content point from Atlantic Link
3.Cut and paste an example of collaborative learning
Collaborative Networked Learning is a method developed by Dr. Charles A. Findley in the mid 1980s as part of his work on designing the classroom of the future for the knowledge worker.
"Collaborative Networked Learning (CNL)" is that learning which occurs via electronic dialogue between self-directed co-learners and learners and experts. Learners share a common purpose, depend upon each other and are accountable to each other for their success. CNL occurs in interactive groups in which participants actively communicate and negotiation meaning with one another within a contextual framework which may be facilitated by an online coach, mentor or group leader.
Thitima Chawla
ID 5129524
Title: The Wrist Band Portable Charger
Source: http://www.coolest-gadgets.com
Author: Ally January 18 2009
Here is the ultimate way to charge your batteries. Although this is a bit high on the nerd scale, it would be a convenient way to charge up all of your gadgets without having to look for a plug. Especially for cell phones, because you could hook it to the band and talk on your phone along with getting the phone charged. It’s pretty handy as you will not run out of battery. The drawback of the wrist band portable battery charger is that it does not look pretty when you wear it. Although it may make you look a bit ridiculous wearing it but it is very useful.
It uses a rechargeable li-on battery and comes with 8 different types of power connectors. The connectors will work with major brand mobile phones, the PSP and Nintendo DS, iPod as well few other things. To recharge the portable battery, it takes a total of 5 hours. When it’s used as a direct power source, it’ll give you 3 hours of talk time or 8 hours on your MP3 player. You can not only purchase these individually, but in bulk as well. For one it will cost you $24.84
Thitima Chawla
ID 5129514
Collaborative Learning
Q) What is the meaning of collaborative learning?
The idea of collaborative learning is the grouping and pairing of learners for the purpose of achieving a learning goal. Collaborative learning refers to an instruction method in which learners at different performance levels work together in small groups toward a common goal. The learners are responsible for one another's learning as well as their own. The success of one learner helps other students to be successful.
Collaborative Learning is a relationship among learners that requires:
•Positive interdependence (understanding each other well)
•Individual accountability (each of us has to contribute and learn)
•Interpersonal skills (communication, trust, leadership, decision making, and disagreement resolution)
•Face-to-face promotive interaction, and processing (reflecting on how well the team is functioning and how to function even better).
Q) How does collaborative work?
Students learn best when they are actively involved in the process. Researchers report that, regardless of the subject matter, students working in small groups tend to learn more of what is taught and keep it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats. Students who work in collaborative groups also appear more satisfied with their classes.
Students are capable of performing at higher intellectual levels when asked to work in collaborative situations than when asked to work individually. Group diversity in terms of knowledge and experience contributes positively to the learning process. Bruner competes that cooperative learning methods improve problem- solving strategies because the students are confronted with different interpretations of the given situation. The peer support system makes it possible for the learner to internalize both external knowledge and critical thinking skills and be able to use them in their daily problem solving.
The collaborative learning medium provided students with opportunities to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate ideas cooperatively. The informal setting helps with discussion and interaction. This group interaction helps students to learn from each other's skills, and experiences. The students have to go beyond plain statements of opinion by giving reasons for their judgments and reflecting upon the reasons in making these judgments. The ability to admit that one's original opinion may have been incorrect or partially mistaken.
Example: Students are assigned to produce the paper together: they may be asked to write the entire paper together, or they may be permitted to write the paper in sections and then to edit the paper together so that it seems to come from a single author, employing a consistent voice. One instructor allows students to divvy up the bulk of the work but insists that they write the introduction and conclusion together, attending to transitions between sections so that the paper reads seamlessly.
One benefit of the group paper is that it requires students to consider the stages of the writing process as they determine how to divide the labor among the group. For example, will the collaborative writing be most efficiently done if the group does its brainstorming together? Should the paper be divided into sections, with each member responsible for a single part? Can one student write effectively about something that has been researched by another student? As the group considers these questions, they are brought to think carefully and critically about the writing process.
Finally, collaborative writing makes students more conscious of their own writing processes and styles. As they debate strategies and sentences, students must defend their choices. They also come to see other possible ways of expressing their ideas. For this reason, the group papers will likely not be the best papers that students produce, but they may be the most educational.
REFERENCE:
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/faculty/methods/collaborative.shtml
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